网络交易平台商标侵权中避风港规则的适用及其限制

Application and Limitation of the Safe Harbor Rule in Trademark Infringement on Online Platform

藉帮助侵权引入网络交易平台商标侵权案件的避风港规则,在其适用中表现出了一种绝对化的倾向,不利于推动网络交易平台积极开展反侵权措施。为此,各国在司法上均开始探索限制避风港规则适用的方法。关于主观状态的认定,一般主张回归帮助侵权的基本原理,并结合网络交易平台在具体交易中的地位适当提高其注意义务标准;主张注重对其反侵权措施的考察,适当加重网络交易平台的责任。上述做法的本质在于采个案认定的方式以打破避风港规则僵化适用的局面,从而更好地促进权利人与网络交易平台在打击商标侵权方面的合作,为"互联网+"电子商务的发展提供司法保障。

By way of the contributory infringement doctrine, the safe harbor rule is introduced to resolve the trademark infringement occurred on online platform. However, its application shows a tendency of absoluteness, which may restrict the platform to carry out active anti-fraud measures. Whereby, many countries are exploring ways to limit the application of the safe harbor rule. With regard to the evaluation of platform’s subjective state, it is suggested to use the fundamental theory of contributory infringement, meanwhile moderately increasing the platform’s duty of care according to their specific status in the trade. It is also suggested to give close scrutiny to platform’s anti-frauds measures, giving weight to online platform’s responsibility. The essence of above mentioned measures is to break the rigid application of the safe harbor rule by adopting a case-by-case attitude, in order to enhance the cooperation between right owners and the platform in striking trademark infringement, and provide judicial protection for the development of the internet ＋ ecommerce.