《史记》增饰的叙事策略

The Narrative Strategy of the Exaggeration in Historical Records

《史记》的历史叙事有明显的增饰成分,司马迁在传达"天意"与表达己意时虽有增饰却又不悖史实,达到了实录与增饰的完美统一。《史记》的增饰既有出于历史叙事的需要,也是"整齐百家之语"的表现,同时也是出于追叙秦楚及楚汉之际风云变幻的需要,更有实录西汉本朝史事并传达己意的需要,体现出其极为高明的叙事策略。

There is apparent fiction in Historical Records. While exaggerating,Sima Qian conveyed providence and expressed his own opinion in Historical Records,but not contrary to historical facts,Historical Records is perfectly unified with its exaggeration and faithful records. The exaggeration in Historical Records is in need of not only historical narrating,but also unifying the view of hundred schools,and telling about the past of the end of the Qin Dynasty and Chu,and Chu and Han. What’s more,the exaggeration is out of the necessity of faithfully recording the West Han Dynasty,and conveying his own wishes. Thus,Historical Records reflects its superb narrative strategy.