制度能力、产业特性与公私合作(PPP)治理机制

Institutional Capacity,Industrial Characteristics and Governance Mechanism of Public-Private-Partnerships

公私合作(PPP)治理机制的选择应与一定的制度能力、产业特性相匹配,而衡量产业特性的主要指标是交易成本和自然垄断性。制度能力越低、交易成本越高、自然垄断性越强,PPP越应采取接近一体化的治理机制;反之,则应采取接近市场化的治理机制。尽管适宜的治理机制能够实现一定制度能力与产业特性条件下的绩效最大化,但这只是一种约束条件下的次优选择。提升制度能力,降低宏、微观交易成本,进而通过匹配市场化的治理机制发挥市场降低生产成本的激励功能,才有可能实现PPP绩效的最优结果。健全PPP法律体系、完善规制体制与市场机制、提升政府治理能力,可以为提高PPP运行绩效提供制度保障。

The choice of public- private- partnerships governance mechanism should be matched with a certain institutional capacity and industrial characteristics,and the main indices measuring industry characteristics are transaction cost and natural monopoly. The lower the institutional capacity,the higher the transaction costs,the stronger the natural monopoly,the PPP should take the integrated governance mechanism. Otherwise,the market governance mechanism should be taken. Although the appropriate governance mechanism can achieve the maximum performance under the condition of a certain institutional capacity and industrial characteristics,it is only a suboptimal choice under the condition of restriction. It is possible to achieve the desired results of PPP performance by enhancing the system capacity,reducing macro and micro transaction costs,and then playing the incentive function that market reduces the production cost through the governance mechanism matching marketization. We should improve the legal system of PPP,perfect the regulatory system and market mechanism,improve the ability of government governance to provide the institutional guarantee for improving the running performance of PPP.