新《种子法》对我国植物新品种保护的积极作用与局限

On Improvements and Limitations of Seed Law in China's Plant Variety Protection

新《种子法》设专章保护植物新品种,提升了植物新品种保护立法层级;将品种权保护与种子生产经营管理紧密结合,探索关联机制解决套牌侵权问题;通过强化品种权侵权民事赔偿责任和行政处罚力度,提高品种权的保护水平,对我国植物新品种保护具有明显的积极促进作用。从具体规定来看,该法对某些概念术语的修改、新颖性要件的调整、侵权行为构成部分删除"商业目的"等做法值得商榷。我国未来的植物新品种保护立法,应科学借鉴国际统一的概念术语,充分关注实践中的重要问题和前瞻性问题,加强植物新品种保护制度的规范化和体系化。

The seed law Improves legislative level of the protection of new plant variety by making special charter, establishes associated mechanism between protection of new plant variety and management of seed production and operation to prevent infringements of breeder＇ s right, strengthens civil liability for compensation and administrative punishment, and has significant positive impaction on China＇ s plant variety protection. Nevertheless, It should be noted that some provisions are open to discussion in seed law, such as the use of conceptual terms, adjustment of novelty, and deletion partly of＂ commercial purpose＂ from the constitution elements of infringement of breeder＇ s right. It is proposed that related legislation should adopt scientific and international technical terminology, pay enough attention to important and prospective issues, and effectively systematize provisions of plant variety protection from regulation and statutes.