饵料结构对池塘河蟹生长性能及营养积累的影响

Effects of food structure on growth performance and nutrient of Chinese mitten crabs(Eriocheir sinensis)

通过全程投喂冰冻小鱼、全程投喂颗粒饲料及颗粒饲料和冰鱼混合投喂的三种方式,对平均规格达(6.25±0.31)g/只,投喂280 d后,采样测定生长指标、肝胰腺指数、性腺指数。经单因素方差分析结果显示饲料组及混合组的平均规格、成活率、显著大于冰鱼组(P<0.05),特定生长率在组间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),冰鱼组的肥满度及饵料系数远大于其他两组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颗粒饲料组投喂下的雌、雄蟹肝胰腺指数最高,冰鱼组的雌、雄蟹性腺指数最高,由此可见,颗粒饲料组仍有生长的空间。从成本核算来看,混合组效益最高,颗粒饲料组其次,冰鱼组最小,从投入产出比来看,颗粒组最高。综上所述,全程投喂颗粒饲料对河蟹生长及营养积累有促进作用,具有更广阔的应用前景。

This experiment was to evaluate the effects of food structure on growth performance and nutrient accumulation. Three diets（iced trash fish,pellet,50% iced fresh fish mixed 50% pellet）were fed to six groups of crabs body weigh（6.25±0.31）g. After 280 days,samples were collected to determine various indexes,such as growth performance,hepatopancreas index,gonad index from whole body. Experimental data were statistically analyzed by One-Way ANOVA.The results indicated that the average size and survival ratio was higher than the ice fresh fed group,and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）. There was no obvious difference of specific growth rate between them（P〉0.05）. Both the relative fatness and feed coefficient in the ice fresh fed group is significantly bigger than formulated feed group and 50% ice fresh fish mixed 50% formulated feed group（P﹤0.05）.The maximum content of hepatopancreas in formulated feed group reached the highest percentage,the result of ice fresh fish feed group was opposite. The result of sexual gland index of three group was opposite of the hepatopancreas index. The best of input and output ratio was fed by pellet during the whole course. Our researches show that pellet fed has broad prospects in the future society.