海外水电工程BOOT项目管理风险及防范策略

BOOT project of overseas hydropower projects management risks and prevention strategies

海外项目管理是一个多目标、多工种、复杂、庞大、独立又相互联系的系统工程，其特点是复杂性、不确定性和由此产生的高风险性，因此必须对项目进行风险分析、评价和控制。通过归纳总结当前国际水电工程领域项目多种管理类型，结合老挝南立1-2水电站工程建设运营经验，对海外工程BOOT项目主要面临的政治、财务、技术、市场、建设期、运营期等多种潜在风险进行了综合分析，提出了规避及防范项目风险的应对策略。并特别指出海外水电工程BOOT项目的投资建设和经营管理要通过明确的合约来划分责任和利益；同时在工程管理中要注重发挥具有丰富的海外项目管理经验的优秀工程技术人员的作用，实现不同阶段的目标，保证综合效益的最大化。

Overseas project management is a multi-objectives, multi-types, complex, large, independent but interrelated systems engineering, which is characterized by complexity, uncertainty and high risk. Therefore the project must be done risk analysis, evaluation and control. This paper, through summarizing the variety of project management models of current international water resources and hydropower engineering project field,and combining with operation experience of Laos Nam Lik 1-2 Hydropower Project, analyses the mainly potential risks what overseas BOOT projects are facing, such as politics, finance, technology, marketing, construction period, and operation period, meanwhile comes up with coping strategies for avoiding and keeping away project risks. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes to set up a clear division of responsibilities and benefits on the contracts for investment and operation management of overseas BOOT construction~ on the other hand, during the construction it needs to pay more attention on producing the best effect of experienced and outstanding overseas engineers, so that it can achieve goals at different stages and ensure maximum overall benefits.