2014-2015年全国抗菌药物处方点评数据分析

Analysis on the data of antibiotic prescriptions comment in China, 2014-2015

目的 通过数据评估全国部分三甲医院门/急诊抗菌药物应用的合理性。方法 抽取国际合理用药网络（INRUD）处方点评监测网中2014-2015年全国25个省（直辖市、自治区）78家网员单位上报的门/急诊应用抗菌药物处方。统计抗菌药物处方的基本信息，并对处方合理性进行分析。结果 共点评门/急诊抗菌药物处方447 894张，处方合格率从2014年91.52%上升至2015年93.08%，两年抗菌药物使用率相近，分别为11.72%及12.04%。2014及2015年门/急诊抗菌药物不合理处方主要为不适宜处方，包括适应证不适宜（32.42%，34.02%）及用法用量不适宜（24.22%，18.56%）两种类型。结论 门/急诊抗菌药物使用情况总体达标，但仍有个别地区未达到国家要求。不合理处方类型表明抗菌药物处方合理性仍有提高空间。

Objective To evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use in the outpatient and emergency departments in some class 3A hospitals in China through International Network for Rational Use of Drugs （INRUD）. Methods The antibiotic prescriptions were collected from the outpatient and emergency departments in 78 class 3A hospitals of 25 provinces through INRUD during 2014-2015. The basic information of the antibiotic prescriptions and the prescriptions rationality were evaluated. Results A total of 447 894 prescriptions of antibiotics were analyzed. From 2014 to 2015, the qualified rate the prescriptions increased from 91.52% to 93.08%, and the antibiotic use rate was similar （11.72% and 12.04%）. The major irrational prescription type was inappropriate prescription, including inappropriate indication （32.42%, 34.02%） and inappropriate usage and dosage （24.22%, 18.56%）. Conclusions Totally, the antibiotic use in the outpatient and emergency department reached the standard in China. However, the use of antibiotics didn＇t meet the national requirements in some area. It is necessary to promote the rational use of antibiotics.