梁宗岱纯诗理论探析

On Liang Zongdai's Theory of Pure Poetry

作为纯诗理论的传承者和纯诗创作的践行者,梁宗岱在中国纯诗化道路上的诗学意义以及影响力不可小觑。其诗学理论的价值不单表现在象征主义诗学的继承上,将法国象征主义诗歌理论引入中国诗歌创作理念之中,重点介绍法国象征主义诗人瓦雷里的纯诗理论,而且,更突出地体现在其撇弃儒家诗学传统方面,将纯诗理念引入诗人品格无限升华的纯粹化道路上来,厘清诗歌的文与质关系,并着重倡导诗歌在形式与宇宙境界上的双重审美趣味。为此,梁宗岱由诗寻真而构建其纯诗理论的基本框架。首先,从诗人与自然相契合的角度,剖析灵魂与外物之间的关系;其次从诗歌与宇宙相融合的角度,阐述诗歌最终导引的审美境界;再者,从纯诗理论角度,重点梳理诗歌在音乐和色彩上的两重属性;最后,倡导非功用的诗学观念。基于此,不难确认梁宗岱纯诗理论的核心内容以及诗学价值,以及其在中国诗歌史上的文学理论地位。

As the inheritors of pure theory and practitioner of pure poems writing, Liang Zongdai has pro- found poetic significance and influence in the Chinese pure poetic road, which should not be overlooked. The value of its poetic theory is not only reflected in its inheritance of symbolism poetics he introduced the French Symbolist poetry theory into the philosophy of Chinese poetry, focusing on the pure poetry theory of French Symbolist poet- - - Paul Valery, and it is, more prominently, reflected in its forsaking the Confu- cian poetic traditions. He introduced the concept of pure poetry to the unlimited sublimation of poets＇ charac- ter, clarifying the relationship between the quality of the text and poetry itself, and emphatically advocated double aesthetic taste in form and cosmic realm in poetry. To this end, he tried to find the noble truth through poems, to build a basic framework for its pure poetry theory. First, he made analysis of the relationship be- tween the soul and the outer object, from the perspective of the poets in harmony with the nature; from the perspective of poems in harmony with the universe, illustrated the ultimately guiding to aesthetic realm of poet- ry; moreover, from a purely theoretical point of poetry, he focused on sort of poetry in term of double property in both music and color; finally, he promoted the concept of non -function of poetry. Based on this, it is easy to confirm its core content and poetic value, and its position in literary theory in Chinese poetrv historv.