肌泵运动对预防老年患者腹部手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的研究

Effect of muscle pump exercise in the prevention of lower limb deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients after abdominal surgeries

目的：研究肌泵运动对预防老年患者腹部手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果，探讨其临床适用性。方法选取2013年6月～2014年8月在我院就诊的150例经过腹部手术的老年患者作为研究对象，随机分为对照组和观察组各75例，对照组给予常规术后护理，观察组采取肌泵运动，即术后2h进行下肢的被动运动及主动运动。比较两组患者血流动力学指标及临床指标，评价其临床疗效。结果观察组患者股静脉血流峰值、平均血流速度、血流速度增大时的持续时间及血流量等指标均明显高于对照组患者，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。观察组术后下肢肿胀疼痛发生率（2.67%）明显低于对照组（13.33%），观察组术后下肢深静脉血栓发生率（4.00%）明显低于对照组（14.67%），观察组护理满意度为98.67%，明显高于对照组（81.33%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论肌泵运动能有效预防老年患者腹部手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect and clinical usability of muscle pump exercise in the prevention of lower limb deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients after abdominal surgeries.Methods150 elderly patients who received abdominal surgeries in our hospital from June 2013 to August 2014 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 75 cases in each group. The control group received routine postoperative nursing care, the observation group received muscle pump exercises-passive or active exercises of lower limbs 2 hours after surgeries. The hemodynamics and clinical parameters of the two groups were compared, and the clinical effect was estimated. ResultsIn the observation group, the femoral vein peak flow values, mean blood flow velocities, durations of the flow velocity increasing, and blood flow parameters were obviously higher, longer, or better than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）, the incidence of lower limb swelling and pain after surgeries was 2.67%, which was obviously lower than the 13.33% of the control group, the incidence of lower limb deep venous thrombosis after surgeries was 4.00%, which was obviously lower than the 14.67% of the control group, the nursing care satisfaction rate was 98.67%, which was obviously higher than the 81.33% of the control group, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）.ConclusionThe muscle pump exercise is effective in the prevention of lower limb deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients after abdominal surgeries, which is worthy of clinical promotion.