美国一流人才培养的政策机制与实践创新

Policy Mechanism and Practice Innovation of Talents Training in American Universities

近年来,美国政府更加明确从国家战略高度看待一流人才培养,并实施教育法案、绩效拨款、质量认证三位一体的政策,以保持美国的教育领先地位。美国一流大学在人才培养定位、促进学生学习、全球能力培养、培养模式创新以及质量评价机制方面积极探索,形成了富有特色的创新机制,提高了教育质量和学术声望。我国高水平大学需通过明确一流人才培养定位、提升教师促进学生学习能力、实施国际化战略、推进科教协同育人和完善质量评价制度等方面进行本土化创新,走具有中国特色的一流人才培养之路。

In recent years, the American governments pay more attention to the first-class talent training, and implement the policy mechanism of education act, performance-based funding and quality certificate, to keep the leading position in the world. American first-class universities explore actively in talent training orientation, improving students learning, global ability training, innovation of training model and evaluating mechanism of education quality, based on these exploration, American universities developed certain features of innovation mechanism, and increased their education quality and academic prestige. In order to get a new way in talent training with Chinese characteristics, we should borrow the experience of talent training of American universities for reference, make reforms in orientation of first-class talent training, improving teachers skills, implementing international development strategy, advancing the collaboration in training between education and science, and mechanism improving in quality evaluation.