局部热敷对预防静脉留置针血栓形成及留置时间的影响

Effect of local hot compress on prevention of venous indwelling needle thrombosis and indwelling time

目的探讨局部热敷对预防静脉留置针血栓形成及留置时间的影响。方法选取在药理基地接受药物试验的健康观察对象120例,随机分为2组,每组60例。观察组穿刺后立即用热敷贴覆盖穿刺处,对照组不用局部热敷。2组均利用药物试验所留置的静脉针及拔管时所采取的血标本。记录肉眼可见血栓例数、溶血例数、留置针留置时间以及观察对象舒适性等指标。结果对照组肉眼可见血栓35例,占59.32%(35/59),采集血标本543例次,溶血发生率8.47%(46/543),观察组肉眼可见血栓22例,占37.93%(22/58),采集血标本577例次,溶血发生率7.30%(42/577),2组血栓发生率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中位置管时间(10.835±0.826)h,对照组为(10.000±0.755)h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组肢体舒适度较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论局部热敷可在一定程度上降低留置针血栓形成率,延长其使用时间,提高舒适度。

Objective To study the effect of local hot compress on prevention of venous indwelling needle thrombosis and the indwelling time. Methods Totally 120 healthy volunteers who were undergoing drug trials in the clinical pharmacology base of our hospital were chosed for the study. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group by random number table,with 60 cases in each group. In experimental group,the hot compress stick was immediately given to cover the puncture point after puncture. No hot compress stick was given to the control group. The venous indwelling needles in the drug trials were observed and the blood specimens collected at the time of removing the venous indwelling needle were detected. Indexs including the number of thrombosis visible to the naked eye and hemolysis,the indwelling time,comfort in subjects were recorded. Results The incidence of thrombosis and hemolysis was compared between two groups. In control group,the incidence of thrombosis visible to the naked eye and hemolysis was 59. 32%（ 35 /59） and 8. 47%（ 46 /543） respectively. In experimental group,the incidence of thrombosis visible to the naked eye and hemolysis was 37. 93%（ 22 /58） and 7. 30%（ 42 /577） respectively. The difference was statistically significant between two groups（ P〈0. 05）. In experimental group and control group,the indwelling time was（ 10. 835 ± 0. 826） hours and（ 10. 000 ± 0. 755） hours respectively. There was a statistically difference（ = 4. 712,P = 0. 030）. The comfort level was higher in experimental group than that in control group,with a statistically difference（ U = 1242. 500,P = 0. 005,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The using of hot compress stick can reduce the incidence of venous indwelling needle thrombosis,prolong the indwelling time,and improve comfort.