内陆开放区建设用地扩张与经济增长的脱钩研究——以重庆市为例

Decoupling Research of Construction Land Sprawl between Economic Growth in the Inland Open Area:a Case Study of Chongqing City

随着城镇化和工业化发展,城市规模加速扩张,经济总量呈现高速发展态势,城镇建设用地的增长已经成为城镇化的一个显著特征,城市建设用地扩张能够带给经济增长更多的动力和空间,而城市经济增长反馈于建设用地空间扩张,并对其产生深刻影响,两者之间存在复杂且密切的联系。本文利用2000—2010年重庆市38个区县的建设用地面积数据和GDP数据,运用脱钩理论研究区域经济增长与建设用地面积变化之间的定量关系,研究发现:1)主城区在2000—2005年间,经济增长与建设用地之间的关系处于扩张性复钩(2001、2002脱钩指数r1分别为-0.504,-0.173),随着该地区经济快速增长,逐渐从扩张性复钩转变成弱脱钩(2003,2004,2005脱钩指数r1分别为0.064,0.245,0.307),跟理想状态的强脱钩的差距逐渐缩小;重庆东南翼和东北翼2000—2005年间经济增长与建设用地的扩张则是处于弱脱钩状态,2006—2010年间,建设用地面积急剧扩张,经济增长与建设用地扩张向扩张性复钩转变。2)2000-2005年间重庆主城及周边少数区县建设用地扩展与第二产业增长呈扩张性复钩(g1>0,t1>0),其余区域均弱脱钩(g1>0,t1<0),2006—2010年间弱脱钩趋势更为显著;主城区及一小时经济圈部分区县第二产业经济增长对建设用地的依赖状况逐渐减小,逐渐向理想状态发展,两翼的渝东北地区和渝东南地区武隆、黔江等地多数区县处于明显的弱脱钩状态,其他地区第二产业经济增长与建设用地的脱钩状况愈发不理想。

The development of urbanization and industrialization has accelerated urban sprawl and economic growth. The expansion of urban construction land, a significant symbol of urbanization, has made a great contribution to economic growth, while the eco- nomic growth has a profound impact on urban construction land sprawl. There is a close and complex relationship between the two variables. This paper examined the relationship between the economic growth and construction land expansion in the counties of Chongqing based on the statistics data about construction land area and GDP. The research indicates that： 1） At the beginning of the study period, the relationship between the two variables in the main city was stuck in a state of coupling and it developed into a more ideal state in the later period. At the beginning of the study period, the relationship between the two variables in the main city was stuck in a state of coupling and it changed from coupling to weak decoupling and developed into a more ideal state in the later period, with economic growth. The southwest and northeast area of Chongqing belong to weak deeoupling early, construction land area ex- pansion rapidly, the relationship between economic growth and the construction land expansion was stuck in a state of coupling. 2） The relationship between Secondary industry and construction land expansion was stuck in a state of coupling in Chongqing urban and surrounding areas, the other areas belong to weak decoupling at the beginning of the study period and the weak decoupling trend more pronounced. Which the second industry economic growth of counties in Main part and one hour economic circle area dependent on the construction land was gradually decreasing and gradually to the ideal state. The southwest and northeast area of Chongqing belongs to weak decoupling and the decoupling trend between Secondary industry and construction land expansion was not ideal in other areas.