基于内容分析法的食品安全风险交流主体与议题研究

RESEARCH ON FOOD SAFETY RISK COMMUNICATION SUBJECTS AND ISSUES BASED ON CONTENT ANALYSIS

风险交流是风险分析的重要组成部分,贯穿风险评估、风险管理的全过程。食品安全风险交流的主体和议题会对交流效果产生深刻影响。在对现有研究成果述评的基础上,运用内容分析法,对"双汇瘦肉精事件"中风险交流的主体和议题进行梳理。政府、市场和第三方是食品安全风险交流的主体;"双汇瘦肉精事件"风险交流的议题主要集中在"瘦肉精是什么,对人体有毒吗""‘双汇瘦肉精事件’是如何发生的""‘双汇瘦肉精事件’是如何处理的""今后如何对瘦肉精进行监管"等四个方面。在三类主体中,第三方是"双汇瘦肉精事件"风险交流的主角,其中媒体最为积极。在三类主体的分支中,中央政府部门相对于地方政府部门,更容易成为风险交流的主角;行业协会和企业在整个事件过程中似乎有一些"难言之隐",风险信息交流的"质"和"量"明显不足,难以满足政府和社会公众的需求;媒体是第三方中风险交流的主角,专家的作用在逐渐减弱,而消费者和社会大众声音偏弱。

Risk communication is an important part of risk analysis,which runs through the whole process of risk assessment and risk management. Subjects and issues involving food safety risk communication have a profound impact on the communication effect. Based on the review of the existing research achievements,the paper uses the method of content analysis to review and sort out the subjects and issues in the risk communication in＂Shuanghui Clenbuterol Event＂. Government,market and the third party are the main subjects of food safety risk communication. The issues of risk communication in ＂Shuanghui Clenbuterol Event＂mainly focus on such4 aspects as follows： ＂What is Clenbuterol？ Is it poisonous to the human body？ ＂＂How did ‘Shuanghui Clenbuterol Event’happen？ ＂＂How to handle ‘Shuanghui Clenbuterol Event’？ ＂＂How to supervise the lean meat in the future？ ＂Statistical analysis reveals that,of the three main subjects,the third party is the protagonist of risk communication in ＂Shuanghui Clenbuterol Event＂,in which the media is the most active. In the branches of the three main subjects,the central government departments are more likely to play the leading role of risk communication than the local government departments. In the whole course of the event,industry associations and enterprises seemed too awkward to disclose what was on their minds,the ＂quality＂and ＂quantity＂of risk exchange are obviously insufficient,and it is difficult to meet the needs of the government and the public. The media is the protagonist of risk communication in the third party,the role of experts is getting wane,and the voices from consumers and the public are weak.