重庆烟区烤烟质量特点研究

Research of Flue-cured Tobacco Characteristics in Chongqing Tobacco Planting Area

[目的]科学地评价分析重庆烟区烟叶质量,进一步优化该产区的烟叶质量。[方法]通过对重庆烟区149份烤后烟的外观质量、物理指标、化学成分、感官质量的评价,系统地了解其质量风格特点。[结果]试验表明,重庆烟区烟叶以"成熟-"为主,颜色"橘黄"为主,身份"稍薄"、"中等",结构"疏松",油分"稍有、有"。烟叶各物理指标中以叶面密度、填充值、叶宽等指标差异度较大,而叶长、含梗率、平衡水分差异度较小。烟碱含量、糖碱比、氮碱比适宜,烟叶钾含量、两糖比值较高,氯含量较低。中部叶劲头中等,浓度以"中等"、"较浓"为主,香气质以"较好"为主,香气量"较足",余味以"较舒适"、"舒适"为主,杂气为"有"、"较轻",刺激性为"有"、"微有";且中部叶烤烟感官质量档次主要分布在"较好—好—中等"范围内,"较差、差"的等级所占比例极小。[结论]研究可为重庆烟叶产区烤烟的栽培措施调整、烟叶采购加工、复烤配方使用提供相应参考依据。

[Objective] To scientifically evaluate the quality of tobacco leaf in Chongqing tobacco planting area,and to further optimize the quality of tobacco leaf in this area. [Method] We evaluated the appearance quality,physical index,chemical component and sensory quality of 149 tobacco leaves in Chongqing tobacco planting area,in order to understand its unique quality style. [Result] Tobacco leaves in Chongqing tobacco planting area were mainly ＂ mature-＂ and ＂ orange＂; tobacco leaf identity was ＂ thinner＂ and ＂ medium＂; tobacco leaf structure was ＂ loose＂; and leaf oil was＂slightly having,having＂. There were relatively great differences in leaf density,filling value,leaf width and other physical indexes; but leaf length,stem ratio,equilibrium moisture difference had relatively small differences. Nicotine content,sugar-nicotine ratio and nitrogen-nicotine ratio were relatively proper; but potassium content of tobacco leaves and total glucose-reducing sugar ratio were relatively high; and chlorine content was relatively low. Middle leaves had medium strength,with mainly ＂ medium＂ and ＂strong＂ concentration, ＂ good＂ aroma quality,＂relatively abundant＂aroma amount, ＂ comfortable＂ aftertaste, ＂ having＂ or ＂ having slight＂ offensive odor,and＂having＂or＂having slight＂irritation. Besides,sensory quality of the middle of flue-cured tobacco was mainly distributed in the range of ＂ relatively good- good- medium＂. ＂Relatively poor＂and＂poor＂grade accounted for extremely slight percentage. [Conclusion]This research provides corresponding references for the cultivation measures adjustment,tobacco leaf purchasing and processing,and redrying formula utilization in Chongqing tobacco producing area.