甘薯茎尖脱毒培养技术研究

Research on the Virus-free Culture Technique of Sweet Potato Stem Apical Meristem

[目的]探讨利用甘薯茎尖分生组织获得脱毒苗以及脱毒苗鉴定的方法。[方法]以甘薯茎尖分生组织为培养对象,通过蔗糖及外源激素单因素试验研究甘薯茎尖脱毒培养技术。[结果]甘薯茎尖分生组织生长培养基为MS＋6-BA 0.50 mg/L＋NAA 0.10 mg/L＋蔗糖40 g/L＋琼脂6.5 g/L,试管苗生根培养基为1/2MS＋NAA 0.20 mg/L＋蔗糖20 g/L＋琼脂6.5 g/L。在茎尖生长培养基上对25个甘薯品种的茎尖分生组织进行培养,结果表明,8个品种的出苗率为50.0%~79.3%,16个品种的出苗率达80.0%以上,其中,5个品种的出苗率为100.0%。在生根培养基上,试管苗生根率达100%,根多而粗壮,茎叶生长旺盛。试管苗不用炼苗,可直接从培养瓶中移栽至细河沙中,成活率达100%。以巴西牵牛作为指示植物,采用靠接法对试管苗进行脱毒鉴定,脱毒率为79.1%。[结论]该研究为甘薯茎尖脱毒苗生产提供适宜的培养基配方和简便易行的脱毒苗鉴定技术。

[Objective] The production of virus-free sweet potato plantlets by means of stem apical meristem-culturing and its identification method were researched. [Method] To explore the technique of sweet potato stem apical meristem culturing,the single factor experiment in the sucrose and exogenous hormone added in MS medium was conducted. [Result] The medium for plantlet regeneration was MS ＋ BA 0. 5mg / L ＋ NAA 0. 10 mg / L ＋ sucrose 40 g / L ＋ agar 6. 5 g / L and the medium of plantlet rooting in vitro was 1 /2MS ＋ NAA 0. 20 mg / L sucrose 20 g / L ＋ agar 6. 5 g / L. 25 sweet potato varieties were cultured in the growth medium and the results showed that the rate of plantlet of8 varieties was 50%- 79. 3%; 16 varieties,more than 80. 0% and 5 varieties,up to 100%. In the rooting medium,the rooting rate of plantlets was 100% and the root system was strong and with more roots. The stem and leaf of plantlets vigorously grew. The plantlets could be directly transplanted into fine sand and the survival rate of the plantlet reached 100%. The rate of virus-free in Brazil morning glory was 79. 1%with the technical system. [Conclusion]The suitable media formulation for production of virus-free sweet potato plantlets and its simple identification technique are provided.