电力线路覆冰机理及融冰技术研究综述

Review of Icing Mechanism and Ice-melting Technologies of Transmission Lines

近年来,电网覆冰事故频发,给电网安全运行带来严重威胁。详细阐述线路覆冰的形成机理、影响因素,为覆冰模型研究及预测、防冰方法提供参考。综述覆冰线路的融冰技术,给出各融冰方法目前适用的电压等级,从安全性、经济性、可操作性等方面进行了综合评价,得出在针对覆冰输电线路的各种融冰方法中,不存在同时满足安全性高、费用低,且可操作性强的融冰技术的结论。结合融冰原理及工程实际,为更好达到融冰效果及节能考虑,应更加重视融冰电流与融冰时间的仿真计算及试验研究。提出在今后的覆冰研究工作中,应把覆冰前的预测工作、覆冰后的融冰除冰工作放到核心位置,从覆冰机理与模型、覆冰监测与预警、防冰等各方面进行深入研究,不断提高电网抗冰减灾能力。

The frequently occurred icing incident in power grid has brought great threat to the safe operation of power grid.The formation mechanism of lines icing and influencing factors are elaborated to provide a reference for Icing forecasts and anti-icing methods.Ice-melting technologies for icing lines are reviewed,the applicable voltage levels for current method of ice-melting is provided,various methods of ice-melting are comprehensively evaluated in terms of security,economical efficiency operability.There isn＇t the ice-melting technologies that can satisfy the requirements of high security,low cost and high operability.Combined with the ice-melting principles and engineering needs,the simulation calculation and test research of Ice-melting current and time should be emphasized,so that better ice-melting and energy saving can be achieved.It is suggested that forecasting and ice-melting shall be laid as a core,and also the research can be made from icing mechanism and models,icing monitoring and early warning,anti-melting,so that the ability of anti-icing and mitigation can be continuously enhanced.