重庆城市生态化水平评价方法及应用

Method of Assessing Urban Ecologization Level of Chongqing City and Application

以重庆市为例,从城市生态系统的5个能力支持子系统入手筛选出64个基础指标,利用相关性分析、变异系数分析进行第1次筛选保留44个指标,并运用主成分分析进行第2次筛选,最后保留41个核心指标构建重庆城市生态化水平评价指标体系。采用熵权法及相关公式计算2005—2012年重庆城市生态化发展度,利用灰色关联度分析法计算2005—2012年重庆城市生态化协调度,最后求出重庆城市生态化指数,并划分为第Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ共5个等级。结果显示:重庆城市生态化水平整体上呈逐步上升改善的趋势,个别年份有些波动,但与实际情况基本相符,2005年重庆城市生态化指数为0.36,属于第Ⅲ级,生态化水平一般,2012年上升到0.73,属于第Ⅱ级,生态化水平较高,但距离第Ⅰ级还需要一个长期的过程,面临着结构性、整体性挑战。

In this research,an assessment indicators system for urban ecologization level of Chongqing was established. This system consists of 41 core indicators which were selected from 44 indicators by principal component analysis. The 44 indicators were chosen from 64 basic indicators from the five supporting sub-systems of urban ecosystem based on correlation analysis and coefficient of variation analysis. Furthermore,the degree of Chongqing urban ecologization development from 2005 to 2012 was calculated by using the entropy weight method and relevant formula,and the degree of Chongqing urban ecologization harmony from 2005 to 2012 was calculated using gray correlation analysis method. Finally the urban ecologization index was obtained and classified into five levels. Results show that the urban ecologization level of Chongqing was improved step-by-step,with some fluctuations in certain years,which was overall consistent with the actual situation. In 2005 the value of urban ecologization index was0.36（ level Ⅲ）,but rose to 0.73（ level Ⅱ） in 2012. However,long-term endeavor is required to go up to level I,and its further development is facing double challenges both from integrality and structure.