猫儿山森林土壤养分的空间变化特征

Spatial variation pattern of soil nutrients in forests of Maoer mountain

应用多重比较、相关性分析和线性回归分析等方法对猫儿山不同海拔(1 145、1 468、1 536、2 024 m)4种林分类型固定样地内表层土壤(0-20 cm)进行养分测定。结果表明:(1)土壤p H、全钾含量沿海拔梯度的变化呈现出单调递减的规律性;有机质、全氮、全磷和速效钾含量呈现先降后升的趋势;速效氮含量呈现先微上升后下降再上升的波形趋势;有效磷含量呈现强烈的先降后升的空间变异趋势。(2)海拔与有机质、全氮、速效氮、有效磷含量呈极显著正相关,与p H值和全钾含量呈极显著负相关,与速效钾含量呈显著正相关,与全磷含量之间的相关性不显著。(3)除了全磷外,有效磷含量与其它养分指标间呈显著或极显著线性相关。猫儿山土壤养分空间分布具有一定的异质性,有效磷的空间变化最强烈。

Surface soil（ 0- 20 cm） were sampled from 4 stand types of permanent sampling plot at different altitudes（ 1 145 m,1 468 m,1 536 m and 2 024 m） of Maoer mountain,and their nutrient characteristics were measured. Multiple comparisons,correlation analysis and linear-regression analysis were used to analyze variation pattern of soil nutrients at different altitudes. The results showed as follows：（ 1） Soil p H,total K were monotonic decreasing along the altitude gradient; soil organic matter,total N,total P and available K decreased and then increased; available N appeared a waveform change; available P had the strongest spatial variation trend of first decrease and then increase.（ 2） Altitude was highly positively correlated with soil organic matter,total N,available N and P but negatively correlated with p H and total K. Altitude had a positive correlation with available K but was irrelevant to total P.（ 3） Except of total P,available P had significant or highly significant linear-correlation with other nutrients. There were spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients in Maoer mountain,available P had the strongest spatial variation.