陆军某部驻训官兵知觉压力影响因素分析

A survey of influential factors of perceived stress in officers and soldiers in field training

目的探讨某部驻训官兵知觉压力的影响因素。方法采取整群抽样方法 ,应用知觉压力量表(CPSS-10)、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、自尊量表(SES)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和人际容纳测量对1 243名驻训官兵进行调查。通过相关分析和多元Logistic回归方程对影响知觉压力的相关因素进行统计。结果驻训官兵CPSS总分为(24.41±7.37)分,以CPSS≥26分者为界,有46.7%存在健康危险压力;与全国常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。驻训官兵CPSS总分与职别(r=0.063)、文化程度(r=-0.133)、童年是否与父母生活(r=0.063)及入伍前是否工作(r=-0.057)、入伍意愿(r=0.097)、军事经历(r=0.137))呈显著相关(P<0.05);与PSQI总分(r=0.202)、SCL-90总分(r=0.336)、EPQ-E(r=0.097)、EPQ-P(r=0.258)、EPQ-N(r=0.181)、EPQ-L(r=-0.151)、SES(r=0.331)、GSES(r=0.211)、被他人容纳(r=-0.326)、容纳他人(r=-0.285)差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,影响驻训官兵知觉压力的重要因素依次为被他人容纳、自尊、SCL-90总分、容纳他人、精神质、自我效能。结论部分驻训官兵存在健康危险压力,针对影响因素制定相应的干预措施是减轻知觉压力的重要手段。

Objective To explore influential factors of perceived stress in the officers and soldiers in field training. Methods A cluster sampling survey of 1243 officers and soldiers in field raining was conducted. Questionnaires including Chinese Perceived Stress Scale（CPSS）、Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）、Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）,Eysenck＇s Personality Questionaire（EPQ）、Self-esteem Scale（SES）、General Self-efficacy Scale（GSES） and Interpersonal Acceptance Scale were used for evaluation.Correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the influential factors of perceived stress were carried out. Results CPSS scores were 24.41 ± 7.37,and 25.4% of officers and soldiers in field training suffered from health risk pressure. There were significant correlations between the total scores of CPSS and military ranks（r = 0.063）,education levels（r =-0.133）,whether subjects lived with their parents in childhood（r = 0.063）,whether subjects worked before enlistment（r =-0.057）, commitment to the army（r = 0.097）, military experience（r = 0.137）and the total scores of PSQI（r = 0.202）,the total scores of SCL-90（r =0.336）, EPQ-E（r = 0.097）、EPQ-P（r = 0.258）、EPQ-N（r = 0.181）、EPQ-L（r =-0.151）、SES（r = 0.331）、GSES（r = 0.211）、acceptability by others and acceptance of others（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that CPSS was affected considerably by acceptability by others、SES、the total scores of SCL-90、 acceptance of others、EPQ-P and GSES successively.Conclusion Some officers and soldiers in field training suffer from health risk pressure; in order to relieve this perceived stress, we should enhance corresponding intervention methods.