基于WBS-RBS的政府购买公共服务风险识别与防范

Risk Identification and Prevention of Purchasing Public Services:Based on WBS-RBS

政府购买公共服务存在各种风险因素,风险管理应该贯穿购买服务的各个环节。风险识别作为风险管理的首要环节,目的是识别风险因素、确定风险类型、建立风险目录,为风险规避和防范提供对象和依据。以WBS-RBS为风险识别框架,建立风险识别矩阵,找出购买公共服务过程的所有风险类型,并据此探究产生这些风险的原因是购买边界界定不清、信息公开不足、政府合同管理能力有限和竞争不充分形成的垄断等。为此,应明确界定购买边界、建立信息公开制度、提高政府合同管理能力和引入竞争机制,以规避政府购买服务可能出现的风险,推进政府购买公共服务工作的全面实施。

Various risk factors exist in the process of purchasing public services , so risk management should run through all aspects of it . As the first part of risk management ,risk identification aims to identify risk factors ,to define the type of risks ,to establish risk directories , and to provide objects and basis for risk prevention . Using WBS‐RBS as the frame of risk identification ,this paper establishes risk identification matrix to define the types of risks through the w hole process of purchasing public services and then analyzes the causes of it to find out w hether there is not clear purchase boundary definition , insufficient information disclosure , limited contract governance ,monopoly resulting from not full competition ,etc .Therefore ,we should define the boundaries , establish information disclosure system , improve governmental contract management abilities and introduce competition to prevent risks that would be likely to appear in purchase of public services and promote the overall implementation of the governmental purchase of public services .