50例住院患者跌倒的原因分析及对策探讨

Cause analysis of hospitalized patient fall in 50 cases and related nursing strategy

目的分析住院患者发生跌倒的根本原因,探讨减少跌倒事件发生的对策。方法对50例跌倒患者进行回顾性分析,用根本原因分析法分析原因。结果 50例跌倒患者中原发疾病比例最高为恶性肿瘤24.0%(12/50),其次为脑梗死18.0%(9/50)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病10.0%(5/50);最主要原因为疾病健康因素64.0%(32/50),其次为健康宣教欠缺56.0%(28/50)、患者及家属陪护意识不强54.0%(27/50);60岁以上患者居多,占68.0%(34/50);跌倒的地点分布发生在病室58.0%(29/50)和厕所22.0%(11/50);跌倒发生的主要时间段为14:00-16:00、06:00-08:00、20:00-22:00,分别占18.0%(9/50)、12.0%(6/50)、12.0%(6/50)。结论减少跌倒事件的发生,应加强护士防跌倒的培训教育工作,合理配置护理人力;注重对患者和家属的宣教落实率,鼓励其主动参与跌倒预防;重视环境安全设施建设,落实预防跌倒措施。

Objective To analysis the potential causes of hospitalized patients fall and to discuss the corresponding nursing strategy. Methods Clinical data of 50 patients who fell off during hospitalization were retrospectively analyzed. Root cause analysis method was used to investigate the potential causes of hospitalized patient fall. Results In 50 cases of hospitalized patient fall,malignant tumor,cerebral infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were main primary disease,accounting for 24. 0%,18. 0% and 10. 0% respectively. The main reason of fall down was disease issues( 64. 0%),followed by insufficient health education( 56. 0%),lacking awareness of accompanying by family members( 54. 0%). Occurrence of fall down was more likely happened in patients aged over 60( 68. 0%),and in clinical ward( 58. 0%) and toilet( 22. 0%). Falls happened mainly during 14: 00- 16: 00,06: 00- 08: 00 and 20: 00- 22: 00,accounting for 18. 0% 、12. 0% and 12. 0%respectively. Conclusion It is suggested to carry out measures such as enhancement of training,proper allocation of nursing manpower,health education on patients and family members,environmental safety,in order to reduce the risk of fall of in hospitalized patients