河北曹妃甸不同类型农田土壤重金属含量、分布及其相关性研究

Contents,Distribution and Correlations of Heavy Metals in Different Types of Soil in Caofeidian of Hebei

以河北曹妃甸3种类型农田土壤(黏质水稻土、壤质水稻土、滨海风沙土)为研究对象,研究土壤中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd含量,分布及其相关性,并对其进行污染评价,以期为今后土地整理的实施和土壤重金属污染的修复提供可靠依据。结果表明,在3类农田土壤中,Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd的全量和有效态含量均表现为在黏质水稻土和壤质水稻土中较高,在滨海风沙土中最低;4种重金属元素均存在积累问题,其中Cd和Cu的积累程度相近且较大,Zn次之,Pb最小;4种重金属单因子污染指数均表现为Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd,其中黏质水稻土中存在Pb污染;重金属的综合污染指数表现为黏质水稻土>壤质水稻土>滨海风沙土,其中滨海风沙土处于安全等级,黏质水稻土和壤质水稻土处于警戒线等级。在3类土壤中,同种元素的全量与有效态含量大多存在正相关;总体上,Cd元素的全量和有效态含量与其他元素含量之间的相关性较强,其他元素含量之间的相关性不是很明显;4种重金属全量总体上均与土壤p H值呈显著或极显著正相关。

The contents,distribution and correlation of Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd in three types of soil（ clayey paddy soil,loamy paddy soil,coastal aeolian sandy soil） in Caofeidian were studied,and the assessment of soil heavy metals pollution was done. The results showed that total amount and available contents of Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd in clayey paddy soil and loamy paddy soil were higher than those in coastal aeolian sandy soil; Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd had showed the cumulative phenomenon,the cumulative indexes of Cu and Cd were close and higher,followed by Zn,Pb was the least. The order of single factor pollution index of four heavy metals was Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Zn 〉 Cd,and Pb pollution occured in clayey paddy soil. The order of comprehensive pollution index was clayey paddy soil 〉 loamy paddy soil 〉 coastal aeolian sandy soil,only the coastal aeolian sandy soil was at the clean level,clayey paddy soil and loamy paddy soil were at the alert levels. There were strong relationships between the same element total amount and available content,but the correlation wasnot obvious between different elements total amount and available contents,except the Cd. The contents of the four elements were positively correlated with p H value mostly.