超高层建筑停车配建指标计算方法研究——以西安市为例

A Computation Method of Parking Allocation for Super High-rise Buildings:A Case Study of Xi′an

合理的超高层建筑停车配建指标对解决大城市停车问题具有重要作用。基于公共交通服务能力,提出了超高层建筑的核心影响区范围。总结国内已建成的超高层建筑需求特征,结合均衡论统筹考虑超高层建筑的内外环境。认为外环境中的公共交通可达性水平、公共服务能力;内环境中的超高层建筑面积、停车共享效用指数为主要影响因素。根据影响因素,标准化研究超高层建筑停车配建指标的折减系数。提出逐步折减已有城市普通建筑停车配建标准的计算方法,并在其核心影响区范围内验算既有公共交通服务能力约束下的指标折减合理性。以西安市某超高层建设项目为例,计算得到停车配建指标0.45位/100m2,与规范要求的配建停车位相比,停车位数量大幅度减少。从中心区可用于停车设施资源建设的有限性、停车需求政策调控性、国内主要一线城市配建指标的对比分析等方面,验证了计算结果的合理性。

Appropriate parking allocation for super high-rise buildings is important for solving parking problems inbig cities. In this paper, core-affected areas of super high-rise buildings is proposed based on the service ability of publictransportation. Then summarize the demand characteristics of super high-rise buildings that have been built in China. Theequilibrium theory is used to take overall consideration of internal and external environment of super high-rise buildings.The accessibility and service ability of public transportation which belongs to external environment, and the built-up areasand utility index of shared-parking of super high-rise buildings which belongs to internal environment, are selected asmain influence factors. According to the standards of these main factors, a reduction coefficient of parking allocation forsuper high-rise building is studied. Then a computation method is proposed to gradually reducing the standard of parkingallocation for ordinary building in urban areas. Taking service ability of public transportation into consideration, the rationalityof allocation reduction is validated within the core-affected areas. A super high-rise construction project in Xi＇an nis taken as a case study. The results show that every 100 m2 should allocate for 0.45 parking spaces, which is significantlyless than which in specific standards. Rationality of computation results are validated form the aspects of limited parkingresources in central urban areas, administrative regulation for parking and comparative analysis of parking allocation formajor cities in China.