MAPP阻燃EVA泡沫复合材料的制备及其性能

Preparation and performance characteristic of MAPP flame-retardant EVA foamed composites

利用乙二胺(EDA)对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行改性,得到聚磷酸铵衍生物(MAPP)。采用MAPP、石墨(EG)和木粉(MF)复配的方式得到膨胀性阻燃剂,并与EVA复合得到泡沫复合材料。采用FT-IR、XRD、1H NMR表征接枝效果,利用LOI和UL-94测试仪、锥形量热仪(CONE)、TG及SEM等分析材料的阻燃性能、残炭的形态及力学性能。结果表明:EDA已成功接枝在APP上,所形成的MAPP能够有效提高复合发泡材料的阻燃性能、减少热释放量;MAPP/EVA复合发泡材料的残炭层更加致密和完整,能够有效起到隔热、隔氧的作用;并且MAPP能够提高材料的耐水性及与EVA基体的相容性。当MAPP添加量为20%时,体系的LOI可达27.6%,且UL-94为V-0级别,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率分别可达1.282 MPa、236.40%,阻燃材料的综合性能达到最优。

The MAPP,as a derivative of ammonium polyphosphate（APP）,was synthesized via a grafting reaction between APP and ethylenediamine（EDA）.The intumescent flame-retardant was fabricated by the mixture of MAPP,EG,and WF,and introduced into the EVA matrix for the preparation of flame-retardant EVA foamed composites.The FT-IR,XRD,1H NMR,LOI,UL-94,CONE,SEM,TG,and electronic universal testing machine were applied to appraise the grafting degree,flame-retardant,and mechanical performance of the as-obtained composites,respectively.The results showed that the EDA has been successfully grafted on APP,and the as-prepared MAPP could not only possess desirable flame-retardant performance,water-resistance,as well as a better compatibility with EVA matrix,but also decrease the heat release.It is worth noting that foamed composite obtained the optimum comprehensive properties when the MAPP loading was 20%,and exhibited 28.8%（LOI）,V-0（UL-94）,1.282 MPa（tensile strength）,and 326.40%（elongation）,respectively.