肺结核患者的发病情况和预防控制研究

Incidence of Tuberculosis Patients Disease and Prevention and Control Research

目的对肺结核患者的发病情况及预防控制进行探讨、研究。方法随机抽取2011年6月—2015年6月间该地区肺结核患者600例,对入选肺结核患者的所有资料进行回顾性分析。该地区在2013年6月开始实行现代结核病防治策略(DOTS),将现代结核病防治策略实施前抽取的肺结核患者定为对照组,现代结核病防治策略实施后抽取的肺结核患者定为实验组,每组各300例患者。对肺结核的发病情况与年龄、性别、月份间的关系进行分析;统计不同预防控制条件下的实验组及对照组患者的结核菌素皮肤试验结果;统计不同预防控制措施下肺结核的发病情况。结果24-33岁属于肺结核的高发年龄段,<13岁或>63岁的人群肺结核的发病率则相对较低;肺结核患者中男性所占比例明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺结核在1、3月份的发病率较高,12月份的发病率则最低;预防控制后,实验组患者的弱阳性率为77.0%,对照组为19.33%,实验组患者的肺结核控制情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);预防控制后实验组患者肺结核发病率为12.33%,对照组为32.0%,实验组患者的发病率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对肺结核的发病情况与年龄、月份、性别之间的关系进行研究,对指导肺结核病的预防具有重要意义;有效、全面的预防控制措施能够控制肺结核病的传播,对控制疾病的发展具有较高的应用价值。

Objective the incidence of tuberculosis patients and prevention and control are discussed, and research. Meth- ods randomly in June 2011 to June 2015 I region between 600 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients, all the information included in tuberculosis patients were retrospectively analyzed. I region in June of 2013 began to implement modem tuber- culosis control strategy （DOTS）, the modem prior to implementation of tuberculosis contro! strategy of tuberculosis patients as control group, the modem tuberculosis control strategy implementation after extraction of tuberculosis patients as experi- mental group, 300 patients in each group. Incidence of tuberculosis and the relationship between age, sex, in analysis; Statistics under the condition of different prevention and control of the experimental group and control group in patients with tuberculin skin test results; Statistical tuberculosis infection situation under different prevention and control measures. Re- suits 24 to 33, belong to high rates of tuberculosis age younger than 13 years of age or older than 63 - year - old crowd tu- berculosis incidence is relatively low; Tuberculosis patients in the proportion of men is significantly higher than female, the data statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.05）; The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 1, march is higher, the inci- dence of December is the lowest; Prevention and control, the experimental group in patients with weak positive rate was 77.0%, the control group was 19.33%, the experimental group of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis control situation was better than control group, the data statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.05）; Prevention and control group patients after pulmonary tuberculosis incidence was 12.33%, the control group was 32.0%, the incidence of experimental group patients were significantly lower than the control group, data difference is statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The inci- dence of pulmonary tuberculosis with age, in the study, the relationship between gender, is of great significance for guiding the prevention of tuberculosis. The effective and＇ comprehensive prevention and control measures to control the spread of tu- berculosis, has higher application value to the development of disease control.