阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿发生行为和注意力问题的可能性研究

Behavior and attention problems in children with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome

为研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患儿的注意力和行为问题,顺序选取2012年9月至2014年3月因存在睡眠呼吸相关问题行整夜多导睡眠监测、年龄＞5岁的451例患儿为研究对象,根据AHI是否＞5分为OSAHS组和非OSAHS组.每位患儿家长均完成一份Vanderbilt注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHwD）父母评定量表（VADPRS）行为部分和一份CONNERS多动指数表（CIH）,通过评分评价并比较2组患儿发生注意缺陷和多动倾向的几率.OSAHS组347例患儿,非OSAHS组104例.VADPRS评分判定OSAHS组注意缺陷倾向发生率为6.63％（23/347）,显著高于非OSAHS组[1.00％ （1/104）,x2=5.100,P＜0.05],OSAHS组多动倾向发生率为6.92％（24/347）,高于非OSAHS组[1.92％（2/104）],但差异无统计学意义（x2=3.672,P＞0.05）.CIH评分判定OSAHS组多动倾向的发生率为11.24％（39/347）,显著高于非OSAHS组[1.92％ （2/104）,x2=3.976,P＜0.05].OSAHS患儿易出现注意力和行为问题,进而可能并发ADHD.

To study the behavior and attention problems in children with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）,Total 451 children （300 boys and 151 girls） aged ＞5 years with sleep and breathing problems undergoing polysomnography （PSG） monitoring from September 2012 to March 2014 were enrolled in this study.The behavior part of Vanderbilt attention deficit hyperactivity disorders （ADHD） parent rating scale （VADPRS） and Conners index of hyperactivity （CIH） were completed by the parents.Children were divided into OSAHS group （n =347） and non-OSAHS （n =104） group according to the diagnostic criteria of OSAHS （AHI ＞ 5）.According to VADPRS scores the prevalence of attention defect tendency in OSAHS group was 6.63％ （23/347）,which was significantly higher than that in non-OSAHS group [1.00％ （1/104）,x2 =5.100,P ＜ 0.05];the prevalence of hyperactivity in OSAHS and nonOSAHS groups was 6.92％ （24/347） and 1.92％ （2/104）,respectively （x2 =3.672,P ＞ 0.05）.According to CIH scores,the prevalence of hyperactivity in OSAHS group was 11.24％ （39/347）,which was significantly higher than that in non-OSAHS group [1.92％ （2/104）,x2 =3.976,P ＜0.05].Children with OSAHS are prone to have problems of attention and hyperactivity,even likely to have attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders.