动物源性食品中硝基呋喃类兽药残留检测方法的研究进展

Research progress on nitrofurans residues detection methods in animal derived foods

硝基呋喃类药物一直是国内外普遍关注的常见兽药之一,主要包括呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林、呋喃它酮、呋喃妥因,具有抗菌消炎作用,曾被广泛应用于畜禽水产品的生产过程中。但后来发现,硝基呋喃类药物残留在动物体内被人食用以后,容易导致过敏、头痛、腹泻等症状,严重的还可引发"三致"危害。因此,中国、美国、日本、韩国、加拿大、欧盟等国家禁止该类药物在动物源性食品中检出,并陆续制定相关限量标准,不断投入研究以期建立更好的检测方法并用于监控动物源性食品中硝基呋喃类药物的残留量,以保护消费者和生产者生命安全。建立快速、灵敏、准确的检测方法迫在眉睫。基于此,本研究对硝基呋喃类药物的分类、国内外现行检测标准及方法进行总结和分析。

Nitrofurans are the most common veterinary drugs which have been widespread concerned at home and abroad, including furazolidone, nitrofural, furaltadone, and nitrofurantoin. They have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and once have widely used in livestock and poultry products. But it was found that, nitrofurans could lead to allergy, headache, diarrhea, and even cause more serious harms after eating animal derived foods with residuals. In order to protect the health of consumers and producers, nitrofurans were forbidden to detect in animal derived foods. Meanwhile, relevant evaluation standards were established in China, the United States, Japan, Korea, Canada, European Union and other countries, and more experiments were carried out to establish better detection methods to detect nitrofurans residues in animal derived foods. It was necessary to establish rapid, sensitive and accurate detection methods. Based on this, the classification, domestic and foreign current detecting standards and methods of nitrofurans were summarized and analyzed in this paper.