乌鲁木齐市部分餐饮企业冬夏季餐饮微生物污染情况调查分析

Microbial contamination of food in some catering enterprises of Urumqi city during summer and winter

目的对冬夏两季乌鲁木齐市部分餐饮企业在食品生产中的微生物污染进行检测并分析餐饮的污染原因。方法通过对冬夏两季乌鲁木齐市150家餐饮中小企业生产餐饮共372份样品进行随机抽样,检测和分析样品中的菌落总数、大肠菌群、金黄色葡萄球菌和霉菌(糕点类),与国家标准进行比较。结果冬夏两季采集的样品总合格率为分别为70.5%和47.7%,夏季样品合格率明显低于冬季(P<0.05),不同样品间比较发现,熟肉制品合格率最低。结论乌鲁木齐市部分餐饮企业餐饮微生物污染情况严重,尤其是夏季熟肉制品、饮品的微生物不合格率明显高于冬季,这表明相关餐饮企业在加工和保存过程中存在不符合相关卫生标准的操作,需要相关部门采取更多的措施以保障食品安全。

Objective To detect the microbial contamination of food in some catering enterprises of Urumqi city in summer and winter, and analyze the reasons of food pollution. Methods In this study, 372 samples of 4 kinds of food were randomly collected from 150 catering enterprises. The detection for total number of colonies, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and molds（for pastry） were conducted and the results were judged based on the current effective national standards. Results Among all samples, the qualified rate were 70.5% and 47.7% for winter and summer, and that of summer was lower than winter（P0.05）. Among the various foods, the microbial detection rate of meat and meat product was the highest and the qualified rate was the lowest. Conclusion Contamination of food by microorganisms was serious in some catering enterprises of Urumqi city, especially the detection rate of the meat products and beverage were high in summer, which means related catering enterprises were not in conformity with the relevant health standard in the food production process, thus more effective measures should be carried out by relevant departments to ensure food safety.