刀片槽型对GH4169车削寿命的影响

Influence of Groove Profile of Insert on Service Life in Turning of GH4169

本文从刀片槽型结构出发,通过调节刃带宽度和刀具前角设计四款不同槽型刀片,对GH4169进行车削试验。通过测力仪（Kistler 5070）测量刀片切削力和超景深显微镜（Easson）观察刀具的磨损形貌,分析刀片的受力曲线和磨损曲线。试验表明：切削速度在45~85 m/min范围内,随着切削速度的增加,不同槽型刀片切削力都是先增大后减小;相同参数条件下,刀片槽型前角越大,剪切变形减小,受力越小;切削速度较低时,3°~15°前角范围内,刀具刃口强度好的刀片寿命好;切削速度较高时,通过增大第一前角和切削刃强度有助于提高刀具寿命;切削速度45 m/min时,刃口强度好的SNR1槽型切削寿命好;切削速度65 m/min,槽型最锋利且有加强筋强化切削刃的SNR4槽型切削寿命好;切削速度85 m/min,刃口强度和前角都较大的SNR2槽型切削寿命好。在本文切削速度范围内,SNR2能较好的满足使用要求。

Four kinds of inserts with different groove profile including cutting edge width and rake angle were designed and used for turning tests of GH4169. The cutting force of the inserts was tested via dynamometer （Kistler 5070）, the morphologies of the inserts wear were observed by super depth of field microscope （Easson）, and then the curves of cutting force and wear of the inserts were analyzed. The results show that the cutting force of the tested inserts firstly increases then decreases with the increase of the cutting speed in the range from 45 m/min to 85 m/min. Under the same cutting parameter, the cutting force is lower for the inserts with larger rake angle due to the smaller shear deformation. Under lower cutting speed, the service life of the inserts with the rake angle from 3 degree to 15 degree is better when the cutting edge strength is higher. While under higher cutting speed, the service life of the inserts can be improved by increasing rake angle and cutting edge strength. For the inserts with the four kinds of groove profile, the insert with SNR1 groove has better cutting life whenapplied under the cutting speed of 45 m/rain due to its high cutting edge strength. The insert with SNR4 groove has better cutting life when applied under the cutting speed of 65 m/min due to its sharp edge combined with enforcing ribs. While the insert with SNR2 groove has better cutting life when applied under the cutting speed of 85 m/min due to its excellent cutting edge strength and large rake angle. SNR2 groove can better meet the requirements within the cutting speed range of this research.