单称词项替换推论·重言式·主词(语)——主语性质问题思考(之二)

Singular Terms·Tautological Expressions·Subjects— Speculations on the Nature of Subject( II)

本文引介R.布兰顿的单称词项替换推论理论,以此考察日常语言重言式句对单称词项双向对称替换分析构成的问题,认为重言式句中系词后的单称词项事实上是"缩略的语用谓词"。由此,本文引申讨论二目谓词句中单称词项的句法角色,认为动词前单称词项由于其时序在先性而具有独立的句法地位,有资格被说话人用来确定其话语推论对象的唯一性。这即是主词(语)的语用分析性质。

Having examined the issues of symmetrical two-way substitution analysis of the singular terms in tautological expression in everyday speech on the basis of R. Brandom＇s theory of substitution inference, this paper comes to the conclusion that the post- copula singular terms in the tautologies are in fact ＂abbreviated pragmatic predicate＂. This analysis is then extended to the dis- cussion of two-place predicate sentences of everyday speech and the paper shows that the pre-verb singular term has an indepen- dent syntactic status because of its sequential priority and is therefore qualified to serve as the term determining the object unique- ness in the speaker＇s discourse reasoning practice. This should be the pragmatic nature of the subject.