定语句法实质:英汉对比视角

Syntax of Chinese Attributive from the Contrastive Perspective between English and Chinese

跟英语相比汉语缺乏形态变化,同时词类范畴和句法功能不像印欧语那样一一对应。汉语定语的特殊性在于其所在名词短语的特点。名词短语可以作谓语,动词短语可以作主宾语。从而,汉语定语与状语是包含关系,而不是英语的对立关系。这种关系是汉语句法与语用对立关系的一种具体体现。

Unlike English, Chinese language seldom employs morphological changes to express syntactic relations, and there is no cor- respondence between parts of speech and their syntactic functions. The particularity of the Chinese attributive comes from the fea- tures of Chinese NPs, which can function as predicate. The VPs can also function as subject and object without any nominaliza- tion. Consequently, Chinese is different from English in that Chinese attributive is inclusive of Chinese adverbial, which is pro- jected from the inclusiveness of syntax and pragmatics in Chinese.