金纳米棒制备中形貌调控的研究进展

Research progress on shape regulation of gold nanorod

金纳米粒子具有特征的表面等离子共振效应,能吸收和散射特定波长范围的光,有很高的应用价值.作为一种各向异性的金纳米粒子,棒状金纳米粒子的优点在于其等离子共振带的峰位置随粒子的形貌变化而改变,波长可控.目前,液相种子法是制备金纳米棒的最有效方法,但终产物的形貌仍然受到各种物理、化学因素的影响,如溶液浓度、还原剂种类、卤素离子、生长温度、种子用量、p H等,因此制备条件的优化及其生长规律的探究始终是金纳米棒研究的热点.同时,为更精确地控制金纳米棒的形貌,人们还试图对既有粒子做后期修整.本文将对近十多年来金纳米棒形貌控制及其原理方面的研究进行总结分析.

Gold nanoparticles have intrinsic surface plasmon resonance （SPR） effect, which can absorb and scatter light of certain wavelength and has very high value of application. As anisotropic nanoparticle, the rod-shaped gold nanorods possess a variable SPR band whose wavelength is adjustable and strongly dependent on the particle shape. To date, the best way to synthesize the gold nanorods is the seed-mediated growth method in aqueous solution, however the shape of the final products is dependent on various physical and chemical factors, for example solution concentration, reducer concentration, halide ion, temperature, seed amount and pH value, thus how to optimize the synthesis conditions and insight into the growth mechanism become the hot spot of gold nanorods. In addition, another way to obtain the particles with desire shape by reshaping the as-synthesized gold nanorods attracts much attention. Herein, we make a summary of the reports within the last decade on the shape controlling of gold nanorods, hoping to provide useful references to the relative research fields.