纳米材料诱导内质网应激途径的研究进展

Overview of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway induced by nanomaterials

随着纳米技术的蓬勃发展,纳米材料已被广泛用于化妆品、医药卫生、国防科技等领域.由于纳米材料的特殊物理化学性质,在其生产、加工、运输以及应用的过程中增加了人类的暴露风险及潜在的健康危害.研究显示,纳米材料能够在动物、细胞、分子及基因水平对生物体造成毒性损害,而活性氧的生成和氧化应激的产生则是这种毒性损害的重要机制.内质网作为细胞内蛋白质合成、加工及储存Ca^(2+)的重要场所,对细胞内稳态的变化十分敏感,细胞的氧化应激损伤及细胞内Ca^(2+)平衡的紊乱都会诱发内质网应激,继而通过内质网应激途径导致细胞凋亡.本文对纳米材料与内质网应激及相关细胞功能的影响进行了综述.

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely used in cosmetics, medicine and health, national defense-related science and so on. Because of the special physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials show increased exposure and potential health hazards to human during the process of production, transportation and application. Generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are the important mechanism of toxicity caused by nanomaterials. The endoplasmic reticulum, as an important place for protein synthesis, processing and storage of Ca^2＋, is sensitive to the cellular homeostasis changes. Oxidative stress and imbalance of Ca^2＋ induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis. In this paper, we reviewed the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway induced by nanomaterials.