基因组编辑技术及其在微藻中的应用

Genome editing techniques and their application in microalgae

基因组编辑技术主要有锌指核酸酶(zinc finger nuclease,ZFN)技术、转录激活子样效应因子核酸酶(transcription activator-like effector nuclease,TALEN)技术和成簇的规律间隔的短回文重复序列(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR)/Cas核酸酶系统。这些技术已被广泛用于模式生物、经济动植物的基因功能验证和遗传改良,在微藻中亦有成功应用实例。本文简要介绍了基因组编辑技术,并分析了这些技术在微藻中的应用,以期为微藻基因功能解析和遗传修饰提供新方法参考。

Genome editing techniques mainly include zinc finger nuclease（ZFN）, transcription activator-like effector nuclease（TALEN）, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated（CRISPR/Cas） systems. These techniques are effective for verifying gene function and genetic modification in a wide range of species, e.g., diverse models, economic animals and plants. They are also applicable in microalgae. In this study, we briefly describe these techniques and illustrate their application in microalgae, aiming to provide new methods for genetic modification and improvement in microalgae.