中国脑血管病防治面临的特殊问题

The particular issues of prevention and control of cerebrovascular disease in China

在我国,每年有新发脑血管病患者约270万,每年死于脑血管病的患者约130万,脑血管病已经成为我国居民的"第一杀手".脑血管病以其高发病率、高复发率和高致残率的特点成为严重阻碍我国社会经济发展的重大疾病.随着我国人口老龄化不断加剧,这一疾病负担日趋严重.和世界其他国家不同,中国脑血管病具有自身独特的特点,如发病年龄低、脑出血占比高、颅内动脉狭窄病理改变更为突出;同时中国脑血管病的防治也面临着和全世界一样的问题,即高危非致残缺血性脑血管病的发病人群越发增加.因此,要制定适合中国国情的脑血管病综合防治策略,需要更进一步的认识我国脑血管病的特点和脑血管病防治面临的特殊问题.

In China, around 2.7 million people developed cerebrovascular disease and 1.3 million patients died from it every year. Cerebrovascular disease has become the most fatal disease and had serious impact on the social economic development of our country with high morbidity and rate of recurrence and disability. Such burden of disease is becoming greater with the acceleration of Chinese aging of population. Chinese cerebrovascular disease developed earlier, with high proportion of cerebral hemorrhage and intracranial artery stenosis, which was different from other countries in the world. On the other hand, in China, patients with high-risk non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular event tended to increase, which was also a common problem throughout the world. Therefore, to develop prevention strategies suited to China’s national conditions for cerebrovascular disease, it’s necessary to understand the characteristics of Chinese cerebrovascular disease and specific problems. This review aims to elaborate the particular issues of prevention and control of cerebrovascular disease in China.