涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者结核感染及危险因素分析

Latent Tuberculosis Screening on Close Contact with Patients with Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

目的了解涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者结核感染情况及影响因素。方法采用T-SPOT．TB试剂盒检测与76例涂阳肺结核患者的243例密切接触者结核潜伏感染（LTBI）情况，采用Pearsonχ^2检验分析LTBI的影响因素。结果248例密切接触者中活动性肺结核检出率为2．02％，在243例密切接触者（剔除5例活动性肺结核患者）中T-SPOT．TB的阳性率为46．9％，经单因素分析显示于涂阳肺结核患者确诊前2个月内接触者及夫妻关系的密切接触者，LTBI危险性高，且差异有统计学意义（χ^2=6．925，P=0．006）；（χ^2=8．447，P=0．038）。结论与涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者较普通人群结核感染发生率高，且不同接触人群LTBI发生比率不同。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection （LTBI） on close contact with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods A total of 243 subjects having close contact with 76 newly diagnosed pulmonary TB cases were enrolled. LTBI was assessed by T-SPOT. TB, and pearson χ^2 was used to analyze the risk factors for LTBI. Results Among 248 individuals having close contact with smear positive pulmonary TB, the rate of active TB was 2.02% （5/248）. The T-SPOT. TB positive rate were 46.9% in close contacts （Excluded 5 patients with active TB）. Through univariate analysis, the contact with smear positive pulmonary TB diagnosed 2 months before and the relationship of couples with smear positive pulmonary TB increased significantly the likelihood ofLTBI （χ^2 =6.925, P =0.006; χ^2 =8.447, P =0.038）. Conclusion The close contact with smear positive pulmonary TB has higher incidence of TB infection than general population, and the different types of close contacts have various LTBI incidence.