甲基苯丙胺依赖者复吸动机的调查

Relapse motivation analysis for methamphetamine addicts

目的观察甲基苯丙胺依赖者脱毒后导致复吸的相关因素并探讨预防复吸的应对措施。方法用自制复吸动机调查表、艾森克人格问卷对60例甲基苯丙胺依赖者的复吸动机及人格特征进行调查。结果焦虑抑郁和睡眠障碍是导致复吸的两个主要生理因素;心理渴求是复吸的心理因素;此外还有社会因素及错误认知等可导致复吸。艾森克人格问卷测试结果与全国常模比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论甲基苯丙胺的复吸预防应采取生理、心理、社会康复这一综合模式;甲基苯丙胺依赖者具有明显的个性外向、情绪不稳定及精神质的性格特点。

Objective To observe the factors related to relapse of methamphetamine addicts after detoxification,to study the prevention measures for relapse and to investigate the personality characteristics.Methods The relapse motivations and personality characteristics of 60 methamphetamine addicts were evaluated respectively by the self- made relapse motivation questionnaire and Eysenck personality questionnaire（ EPQ）. Results Anxiety,depression and sleep disorder were the main physiological factors of relapse. Craving for methamphetamine was the psychological factors of relapse. In addition,social factors and incorrect cognitive would also cause relapse. There were significant differences in the factor scores of EPQ between the methamphetamine addicts and the national normal. Conclusion The prevention measures for relapse of Methamphetamine addicts should take the comprehensive model of physiological,psychological,and social rehabilitation. The personality characteristics of methamphetamine addicts are tended to outward,emotional instability and psychoticism.