长链非编码RNA的功能及其作用机制

Functions of long non-coding RNA and its interacting mechanisms

近年来,随着高通量深度测序技术的飞速发展,大量长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)在真核生物体内不断被发现。lncRNA是一类长度大于200 nt,生物学功能丰富,高级结构保守的非编码RNA(ncRNA)分子,能直接与蛋白质、微小RNA(microRNA)等分子作用,在表观遗传水平、转录水平、转录后水平上调控靶基因的表达。主要就lncRNA的分类标准、调控基因表达模式及其与蛋白质、miRNA的相互作用进行综述,旨在为更好地理解和研究lncRNA生物学功能提供参考。

As with the rapid development of high through-put deep sequencing technology, a large number of long non-coding RNAs（lncRNAs） have been continuously discovered in eukarya in recent years. LncRNA is a group of non-coding RNA（ncRNA） which is longer than 200 nt, rich in biological function and highly structured. In addition, lncRNA could directly interact with protein, microRNA（miRNA） molecules to regulate target gene expression at epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This review systematically summarizes lncRNA classification standard, its gene expression regulatory patterns and interaction with protein and miRNA, which is aimed to provide better understanding of lncRNA biological functions.