思潮变动与学术转型:西方政治学引入与晚清社会

Changes in Social Thoughts and Academic World:Western Political Studies Introduced in China in Late Qing Dynasty

西方政治学的引入不是平面而是立体的,思潮变动与学术转型是西方政治学引入的双重作用。这其中既存在新知与新学的"下渗",也存在部分阶层、部分群体的选择性"回避",这就是西方政治学引入的真实状况,即新知的传播与接受存在一定的差距。在清末的时代背景下,西方政治思想与西方政治学作为"新知",在这个面临多重危机的"旧国"内生根,继而又发芽、成长。它们两者所产生的文化碰撞、冲突与矛盾,最终"挟持"着这个国家走向另一个新的时代。

Western political studies were introduced in China not in a fiat but truly three dimensional way, which triggered dramatic changes in both social thoughts and academic world. During the process, there existed the ＂infiltration＂ of new knowledge and new learning and selective ＂avoidance＂ of some social classes and groups. That is what really happened when Western political studies were introduced in China： there was some distance between the spread and acceptance of new knowledge. In late Qing Dynasty, the ＂new knowledge＂ of Western political thoughts and political studies took root in the ＂old country＂ confronted with crises, and then sprouted and grew. The cultural clashes, conflicts, and contradictions eventually pushed China into a new age.