人的两种“存在”及其教育设计

Two Types of Human's Existence and Design of Educational Programs

人是政治的"存在"也是哲学的"存在",这是一个矛盾,却构成了生命的张力。如何处理这两者的关系,或者说哲学是超越于政治还是依附于政治,是社会方案设计的逻辑起点。现代社会方案的设计立足于人的政治存在,进而追求政治框架内的人的相对自由和幸福。着眼于国家战略或社会需要,并在政治框架内促进人的相对发展,应当成为教育安排的起点。教育方案的设计,必须找到人的政治存在的现代内涵,既需要考虑大众的教育规模、结构、制度与公平,更需要着眼于促进人的相对发展。当下中国必须考虑教育方案的系统设计问题,着眼于人的两种存在的内在张力和人的相互超越性存在,主要是要解决教育的逻辑问题、人的相对发展的现代内涵问题以及相应的教育评价体系构建问题。

A Man is of both the political and philosophy existence, which is a paradox, but also establish the tensile force of life. As to how to deal with the relationship, in other words, it is the ontological priority of philosophy life or political life, this is the logic start point of social programs design. The design of modern social programs should be based on people＇s political existence, so that it can help people within the political system to seek for relative happiness and freedom. With a view to the needs of national strategy and social development, it also can promote human＇s relative development in this political system.It should be the logical start point of educational systems design, which should find out the modem connotation of political existence of modern human, with both consideration of the scale, structure, institution, and equality of modem education, and also whether it can promote human＇s relative development.It is necessary for China at the present to consider systematic design of educational programs; with regards of the inherent tensile force of human＇s political and philosophy existence and mutual transcendence, it should solve such problems as logic of education, modern contents of human＇s relative development, and corresponding building of structure of educational evaluation system.