民事指令再审制度的反思与重构——以X市中院2009—2013年的数据为考察样本

Reflection and Reconstruction of the Civil Instruct Retrial——X-City Intermediate People's Court's Data in 2009—2013 as the Investigation Object

指令再审在我国审判监督程序中占有重要地位,司法实践中也存在大量指令再审的情形。现行指令再审案件的审理存在程序启动随意、事实认定有误、法律适用不当、审判效率低下、司法资源过度耗费等诸多问题,而且当前学界对指令再审问题缺乏普遍的关注。通过对民事指令再审的实证分析,今后有必要从提升原审裁判质量、建立指令再审前的沟通机制与审后反馈机制、发挥指令再审实质功能等方面对现行指令再审制度进行改革。

The instruct retrial system is playing an important role in the procedure for judicial supervision in China,there are a lot of instruct retrial cases in judicial practice. At present,the trial of instruct retrial cases are facing many problems,such as launch randomly,erroneous application of the laws,unclear facts and insufficient evidences,low efficiency of judicial trial,resource excessive consumption and so on. However,the academic have not pay attention to the civil instruct retrial.Through empirical research on the civil instruct retrial,it is necessary to improve the quality of original judgment,and to set up the communication mechanism about instruct retrial between the superior court and lower court. Now,we must focus on the function of the instruct retrial system.