限制加重原则:拘役与有期徒刑并罚的折算规则选择

The Detention and the Fixed-Term Imprisonment Combined Punishment should Adopt Subtraction Rule

由于《刑法修正案(九)》第四条"数罪中有判处有期徒刑和拘役的,执行有期徒刑"的数罪并罚制度规定存在语言不详的情况,采用文理解释者认为:拘役与有期徒刑的并罚采用了吸收规则,即有期徒刑与拘役数罪并罚时,由有期徒刑吸收拘役。这一见解违背了罪责刑相适应原则、数罪并罚原则,也不符合体系解释规则。应采伦理解释"折算有期徒刑执行规则",即拘役和有期徒刑并罚时应当按照拘役1日折抵有期徒刑1日的规则将拘役折抵成有期徒刑,并按照限制加重原则决定最后应执行的刑期。这不仅符合罪责刑相适应原则、数罪并罚原则,而且还符合体系解释规则。在量刑的具体操作上,折算规则的适用具有刑法依据、折算的现实基础以及司法操作的便捷性。

Because the provision of the detention and the fixed-term imprisonment combined punishment system provided in article 4 of the Criminal Law Amendment（ 9） is ambiguous,so this provision is generally understood that fixed-term imprisonment combined with detention adopts the absorption rule with Semantic Interpretation.But this view goes against the Adaptability Principle of Crime,Combined Punishment for Several Crimes Principle does not accord with the systematic interpretation rule. So the subtraction rule should be explained as follows： When the criminal detention and fixed-term imprisonment are combined punishment,one day of detention can be converted into one day of fixed-term imprisonment and the last execation shoull ledeaideda a ccording to systematic interpretation.Finally,it implements the sentence in accordance with the Limitative Aggravation Principle.This conclusion is conducive to carry out the above principles and the systematic interpretation rule. In sentencing section,the application of subtraction rule has criminal law basis、realistic foundation and convenient operation in the juridical practice.