摘要
目的:分析2007—2013年中国部分地区感染HIV孕产妇的分娩情况。方法于2007年1月至2013年6月,以河南尉氏县和上蔡县,云南瑞丽市、陇川县和临翔区,新疆伊宁市,广西灵山县和八步区等8个县(市、区)为研究地区,选取地区内所有开展助产服务的医疗保健机构,并以其中在孕产期发现并确诊的感染HIV的孕产妇为研究对象,排除有明显心理疾病或精神疾病、及不清楚自身HIV感染状况者,共1128例。采用自编式结构调查工具对研究对象进行一对一的面访,调查其人口学特征、分娩情况、妊娠结局及新生儿异常情况。采用趋势χ2检验比较不同年份研究对象住院分娩、阴道分娩、助产技术使用、及新生儿结局情况的差异。结果1128例研究对象的住院分娩率为96.4%(1087例),新生儿累计存活率为99.3%(1120例),阴道分娩率为61.3%(691例),其中,使用助产技术的比例为37.8%(261/691)。2007—2013年的住院分娩率分别为95.1%(253/266)、94.8%(188/198)、93.7%(164/175)、98.8%(159/161)、98.6%(141/143)、97.4%(114/117)和100.0%(68/68)(χ2趋势=7.68,P=0.006);新生儿累计存活率分别为98.5%(262/266)、99.0%(196/198)、99.4%(174/175)、99.4%(160/161)、100.0%(143/143)、100.0%(117/117)和100.0%(68/68)(χ2趋势=4.58,P=0.030);HIV感染孕产妇阴道分娩比例分别为62.2%(166/266)、54.8%(109/198)、59.9%(105/175)、61.7%(100/161)、66.7%(96/143)、58.8%(69/117)和66.7%(46/68)(χ2趋势=1.19,P=0.276),助产技术使用率分别为39.2%(65/166)、47.4%(52/109)、35.9%(38/105)、46.0%(46/100)、25.5%(25/96)、31.2%(22/69)和28.3%(13/46)(χ2趋势=6.76,P=0.009)。结论中国感染HIV孕产妇住院分娩和使用助产技术的比例均呈现逐年上升的趋势;新生儿存活率与发达国家接近。
Objective To describe the changing demographic profile over time of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV infection, and trends in mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome. Methods An observational investigation was conducted based on a population of 1 128 HIV-positive pregnant women at eight sites in China in provinces with high prevalence of HIV among pregnant women and children between 2007 and 2013. The study area included Shangcai and Weishi counties in Henan province; Ruili and Longchuan counties and Linxiang prefecture in Yunnan province;Yining County in Xinjiang;and Lingshan county and Babu district in Guangxi province. Main outcome measures were maternal characteristics, mode of delivery, and related trends over time by Cochram-Mantel-Haenszel(CMH) χ2-test. Results A total hospital delivery rate of 96.4%was reported. For each year during the period 2007-2013, hospital delivery rates were 95.1%(253/266), 94.8%(188/198), 93.7%(164/175), 98.8%(159/161), 98.6%(141/143), 97.4%(114/117), and 100.0%(68/68), respectively (χ2CMH=7.68, P=0.006). The neonatal survival rate increased by 0.7% incrementally from 2007 to 2013, with 98.5% (262/266), 99.0% (196/198), 99.4% (174/175), 99.4%(160/161), 100.0% (143/143), 100.0% (117/117), and 100.0% (68/68), respectively (χ2CMH=4.58, P=0.030). The proportions of vaginal deliveries in those years were 62.2% (166/266), 54.8% (109/198), 59.9% (105/175), 61.7% (100/161), 66.7% (96/143), 58.8% (69/117), and 66.7% (46/68), respectively (χ2CMH=1.19, P=0.276). The average rate for midwives skilled in procedures such as artificial rupture of membranes and episiotomy was 37.8% (261/691), with proportions decreasing during the study period at 39.2% (65/166), 47.4% (52/109), 35.9% (38/105), 46.0% (46/100), 25.5% (25/96), 31.2% (22/69), and 28.3% (13/46), respectively (χ2CMH=6.76, P=0.009). Conclusion The annual rate of reported hospital delivery increased between 2007 and 2013, with a declining rate of skilled midwifery over the same period. Survival of neonates born to HIV-infected mothers in China has increased to nearly equivalent levels as those of developed countries.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期620-624,共5页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
“十五”国家科技攻关计划
关键词
获得性免疫缺陷综合征
孕妇
HIV
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HIV
Pregnant women