1Heart Association.2005 American and Task Forces of the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care [J]. Circulation, 2005,112 (24 Suppl ) : Iv 1-203.
4BARKUN A N,BARDOU M,KUIPERS E J,et al.Intemational consensus recommendations on the management of patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding [J].Ann Intern Med , 2010,152(2) : 101-113.
6HEARNSHAW S A,LOGAN R F,PALMER K R,et al.Outcomes following early red blood cell transfusion in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2010,32 ( 2 ) : 215 -224.
7GARCIA-TSAO G,SANYAL A J,GRACE ND,et al.Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis[J].Hepatology, 2007,46( 3 ) : 922-938.
