苏北农村地区空巢老人慢性病患病现况调查

Inventory survey of chronic disease of rural empty-nest family in the north of Jiangsu

目的了解苏北农村地区空巢老人慢性病患病情况,为提高空巢老人的健康水平提供对策。方法 2014年7—8月采用分层随机整群抽样方法和自行设计的调查问卷,对苏北徐州、连云港和宿迁3市24个行政村的部分空巢老人进行入户面对面的询问调查。计数资料比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果苏北农村地区空巢老人的慢性病患病率为59.9%(844/1 409),其中患1种慢性病的农村老年人占52.6%(741/1 409),患2种慢性病的占26.3%(371/1409),患3种及以上慢性病的21.1%(297/1 409)。不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、人均年收入、家庭和睦、生活满意度、吸烟、饮酒、锻炼的空巢老年人慢性病患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论苏北农村地区空巢老人的慢性病患病率偏高,可从加强健康教育、改变老人不良的生活习惯、营造和谐氛围等方面提高空巢老人的健康水平。

Objective To understand chronic disease of empty-nest family in the north of Jiangsu, and to provide a basis for improving the health of empty nester. Methods Face to face inquiry was adopted for 24 administrative villages of 3 cities （Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Suqian） with self-designed questionnaire from July to August 2014 by stratified random cluster sampling method and the self-designed questionnaire. Count data was used by chi square test, P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in rural empty nesters in northern Jiangsu was 59.9%（844/1 409）, the total number of persons suffering from one diseases was 52.6%（741/1 409）, two diseases was 26.3%（371/1 409）, and three or more diseases was 21.1%（297/1 409）. The differences of the prevalence rate of chronic disease in rural empty-nest family in the north of Jiangsu associated with gender, age, marital status, educational level,annual per capital income, family harmony, life satisfaction, smokeing, drinking, taking exercise were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. Conclusions The prevalence rate of chronic diseases of rural empty＇nest family in the north of Jiangsu was on the high side. Strengthening health education, changing old bad habits, and creating a harmonious atmosphere can improve the health level of empty nesters.