短时高压二氧化碳对双孢蘑菇褐变和活性氧代谢的影响

Effect of treatment with short- time high- pressure carbon dioxide on browning and activate oxygen metabolism of Agaricus bisporus

为了探讨短时高压二氧化碳处理对双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)褐变和活性氧代谢的影响,采用优化好的0.3 MPa二氧化碳短时处理双孢蘑菇,然后于4℃条件下贮藏8 d,测定双孢蘑菇褐变度、细胞膜透性、O_2^-·生成速率、MDA、抗氧化物质和H_2O_2的含量以及自由基清除酶活性等指标。结果表明,短时高压二氧化碳处理对双孢蘑菇的短期保鲜效果并不理想。与对照相比,在4 d贮藏期内,0.3 MPa二氧化碳短时处理提高了双孢蘑菇的褐变度、相对电导率、脂质过氧化产物MDA的含量,促进了O_2^-·、H_2O_2等活性氧物质的积累,同时降低了CAT和SOD活性。然而随着贮藏时间的延长,逐渐显现出短时高压二氧化碳处理对双孢蘑菇的保鲜效果。在贮藏后期,0.3 MPa二氧化碳短时处理抑制了双孢蘑菇的褐变,降低了相对电导率和MDA、O_2^-·、H_2O_2等的含量,提高了CAT和SOD的活性。此外,0.3 MPa二氧化碳短时能够减少双孢蘑菇体内总酚和抗坏血酸的损失,进而抑制双孢蘑菇的褐变。

Mushrooms（ Agaricus bisporus） were dipped for short time in 0.3 MPa CO_2,then stored at 4 ℃ for 8 d.Changes of the browning,membrane permeability,lipid peroxidation,reactive oxygen species,and free radical scavenging enzyme activity in the mushroom tissue were measured. The results indicated that the short- term preservation effect of 0.3 MPa CO_2 treatment on A. bisporus was not ideal. Browning,relative leakage rate,the production rate of O_2^-·and the contents of MDA and H_2O_2 of A.bisporus dipped for short time in 0.3 MPa CO_2,were increased with lower CAT and SOD activity during the first four days.However,the short- time high- pressure CO_2 treatment showed the preservation effect on A. bisporus as time prolonged. In the late storage,0.3 MPa CO_2 treatment inhibited the browning and decreased the relative leakage rate,the production rate of O_2^-·,and the contents of MDA and H_2O_2. Moreover,the corresponding oxygen radical scavenging enzyme activities including CAT and SOD in mushroom dipped for short time in 0.3 MPa CO_2 were higher than those in the control.In addition,0.3 MPa CO_2 treatment could reduce the loss of total phenolic and ascorbic acid of A.bisporus,and then inhibit the browning.