2010—2012年中国15岁及以上居民饮酒状况

Status of alcohol drinking among population aged 15 and above in China in 2010—2012

目的分析中国15岁及以上城乡居民的饮酒现状。方法使用2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测调查＂个人健康情况调查问卷＂中的饮酒情况数据,对145 263名15岁及以上居民的饮酒情况进行分析。结果中国15岁及以上居民的饮酒率为34.3%,男性（54.6%）高于女性（13.3%）,45-59岁人群饮酒率最高（38.6%）;饮酒者饮用最多的是啤酒（64.6%）,其次为高度白酒（38.7%）和低度白酒（29.7%）;饮酒者日均酒精摄入量为28.1 g,男性（32.8 g）高于女性（8.0 g）,45-59岁人群酒精摄入量最高（38.5 g）;饮酒人群中过量饮酒率为30.4%,男性（34.8%）高于女性（11.7%）;饮酒人群中危险饮酒率为13.9%,男性（16.0%）高于女性（4.7%）,45-59岁人群的过量饮酒率（41.1%）和危险饮酒率（20.1%）最高。结论中国15岁以上居民饮酒现象比较普遍,存在性别和年龄的差异。应加强过量饮酒危害的宣传,尤其注重45-59岁年龄段的男性人群。

Objective To analyze the drinking practice of people in China. The purpose is to provide the evidence to alcohol drinking control in China. Method The data of 2010- 2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey was used for this study.145263 subjects aged 15 years and over were involved. Results The overall current drinking rate of people in China was 34. 3%,male（ 54. 6%） was higher than female（ 13. 3%）,The 45 - 59 years age group ranked the highest（ 38. 6%）. Beer（ 64. 6%）was the most,high degree wine（ 38. 7%） and low degree wine（ 29. 7%） were next in china drinkers. The daily alcohol consumption for drinkers was 28. 1g,32. 8g for males and 8. 0 g for females. Daily alcohol intake（ 38. 5 g） of 45 - 59 years were the highest.Of those who drank,30. 4% were heavy drinkers,male（ 34. 8%） was higher than female（ 11. 7%）. Of those who drank,13. 9% were hazardous drinkers,male（ 16.0%） was higher than female（ 4. 7%）. Conclusion Alcohol drinking has become a public health problem in China,and the drinking behaviors varied between differentgenders and ages. Health education program should be developed and conducted,especially for males of 45 - 59 years old.