2011-2015年衡阳市城乡居民食用碘盐监测结果评价

Evaluation on the surveillance results of iodized salt among urban and rural residents in Hengyang City,2011-2015

目的 了解近年衡阳市城乡居民碘营养状况的变化情况,为持续推进食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病的实施策略和措施提供依据。方法 按照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案》中的抽样方法,用直接滴定法测定碘盐,对不同调查对象进行合格碘盐食用率及不同样本碘含量测定。结果 2011-2015年在17 911份盐样中,碘含量低于5 mg/kg的非碘盐有38份,占0.21%;不合格碘盐中碘含量5-20 mg/kg的盐样487份和碘含量高于39 mg/kg的盐样43份,分别占2.72%、0.24%。不同年份间碘盐合格率（χ^2=78.393,P=0.000）以及衡阳市农村与城市的合格碘盐率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=46.308,P=0.000）。结论 在这五年中,不合格碘盐和非碘盐的比例比较低,符合国家标准。虽然每年碘盐含量合格水平略有波动,但总体衡阳居民膳食碘摄入是足够的和安全的,且农村的碘盐合格率高于城市。

Objective To investigate the changes of iodine nutritional status among urban and rural residents in Hengyang City in recent years so as to provide a basis for continuously implementing salt iodization strategies and measures about preventing and controlling iodine deficiency disorders.Methods According to the sampling method from the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Program,the direct titration method was used to determine the iodine content in different salt samples collected from urban and rural residents in Hengyang City.The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in different research subjects and the iodine content in different salt samples were analyzed.Results Among 17,911 salt samples detected during 2011-2015,there were 38（0.21%） non-iodized salt samples with the iodine content 5 mg/kg,487（2.72%） unqualified iodized salt samples with the iodine content of 5-20 mg/kg and 43（0.24%） unqualified iodized salt samples with the iodine content 39 mg/kg.There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of iodized salt among different years（χ^2= 78.393,P =0.000） as well as between rural and urban areas in Hengyang City（χ^2= 46.308,P = 0.000）.Conclusions The proportions of unqualified iodized salt and non-iodized salt are lower during the five-year period.Although the annual qualified levels of iodine concentration in salt in Hengyang City fluctuate slightly,but the dietary iodine intake of the residents is adequate and safe,and the qualified rate of iodized salt is higher in rural areas than in urban areas.