高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌的致病机制研究进展

Progress in pathogenic mechanism of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae

高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌（ hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae,hvKP）主要感染健康人群并导致严重感染,包括肝脓肿、脑膜炎、坏死性筋膜炎、眼内炎和严重的肺炎等。研究发现hvKP的毒力强于普通肺炎克雷伯菌,表现为产生较多的荚膜多糖、携带magA、rmpA和活性铁摄取系统等毒力因子。 hvKP在宿主体内存活能力和抗中性粒细胞吞噬能力较强,导致感染的扩散和转移。本文对hvKP的毒力因子、hvKP的定植与感染以及机体对hvKP免疫力作一综述。

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae （ hvKP） mainly infects healthy people and causes serious infections, such as liver abscess, meningitis, necrotizing fasciitis, endophthalmitis and severe pneu-monia. Studies have shown that hvKP is more virulent than classic Klebsiella pneumoniae characterized by ex-pressing more capsular polysaccharide and carrying the virulence factors including magA, rmpA and iron ac-quisition molecules. The greater survival and anti-phagocytosis abilities of hvKP strains contribute to the spread and metastasis of hvKP infection. This review describes the virulence factors, colonization and infec-tion of hvKP as well as the host immunity to hvKP.