肠道菌群与癌症关系研究进展

Advances in the relationships between gastrointestinal microbiota and cancer

共生微生物栖息在多细胞生物各组织器官表面，与宿主协同进化、相互适应，并对宿主的免疫和非免疫功能产生重要影响，从而影响到疾病的发生和发展。肠道菌群是一类重要的共生微生物，近年来大量研究表明，肠道菌群在癌症的发生、发展以及治疗中发挥着重要作用。找出癌变过程中发挥重要作用的特定肠道微生物或菌群结构、揭示宿主、肠道菌群与环境之间的相互关系，并应用到癌症的预防、诊断和治疗中，是全球关注的一个热点。本文就肠道菌群与癌症发生、发展以及在癌症治疗中的调控作用进行综述。

Commensal microorganisms that colonize barrier surfaces of all multicellular organisms exist in harmony with their hosts and have an important effect on both immune and non-immune functions of their hosts. Numerous researches have shown that gastrointestinal microbiota being one of the most important commensal microorganisms plays a critical role in the occurrence, development and treatment of cancer. As-signing causal roles in cancer to specific microbes and microbiotas, unraveling host-microbiota interactions with environmental factors in carcinogenesis, and applying such knowledge to cancer diagnosis and treatment are areas of intensive interest. This review considers how microbes and the microbiota may amplify or miti-gate carcinogenesis, responsiveness to cancer therapeutics, and cancer-associated complications.